Yes, you're right. Users really can't change the option bytes managed by CPU2 directly. According to the value of FLASH_CR, you can see that there is no erase flag bit for selection bytes above. MER/PER is for flash memory. How can I erase and rewrite the option bytes managed by cpu1?
Set the Options Start (OPTSTRT) bit OPTSTRT in the FLASH_CR register to trigger the update of the option bytes values and wait for the BSY bit of the FLASH_SR register to be cleared.
The option bytes are located in a special part of the Flash memory (see table 9 in the RM to get the exact addresses). Programming or erasing the Flash memory is only done page per page or completely (Mass erase). So this takes time as the complete page containing the option bytes are reprogrammed. Hence the need to wait for the BSY bit to be cleared.